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38th (Irish) Infantry Brigade
The 38th (Irish) Infantry Brigade, now 38 (Irish) Brigade, was organised as an infantry brigade formation of the British Army that served in World War II. It was composed of Irish line infantry regiments and served with distinction in the Tunisian and Italian campaigns. A similar formation, the 38th Brigade had served in the First World War, but contained no Irish connection.
==History==
::''See main article 210th Independent Infantry Brigade (Home)''
In the Second World War the 38th (Irish) Infantry Brigade came into existence on 13 January 1942 by the redesignation of the 210th Independent Infantry Brigade (Home), a Home Defence formation organised in October 1940. The 210th Brigade had been serving in Dorset County Division. When that division was disbanded on 24 November 1941, 210 Brigade transferred to 1st Infantry Division. By then all of 210 Brigade's English home defence battalions had been posted away and were being replaced by frontline Irish battalions.〔Joslen, p. 373.〕 They were 1st Battalion, Royal Irish Fusiliers, 6th Battalion, Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers and 2nd Battalion, London Irish Rifles. Of the three battalions, only the 1st Royal Irish Fusiliers had already seen active service nearly two years prior, fighting in the Battle of France where they were forced to retreat to Dunkirk where they were subsequently evacuated to England. With this combination, it therefore had pre-war Regular Army, Territorial Army and war-time raised units within its structure. On 16 July 1944, however, while resting in Palestine the 6th Inniskillings was disbanded and the men transferred to the 2nd Battalion, another Regular Army unit, which had arrived from 13th Brigade of the 5th Division, and the surplus men were transferred to fill gaps in the other battalions of the brigade.〔Ford pp. 242-243〕
In June 1942 the 38th (Irish) Brigade was transferred to the 6th Armoured Division and it landed in North Africa, shortly after Operation Torch, with the division on 22 November 1942. In March 1943 it exchanged with 1st (Guards) Brigade joined 78th ''Battleaxe'' Infantry Division and fought with distinction in the Tunisia Campaign, the invasion of Sicily (in particular the capture of Centuripe), and in the Italian Campaign, at Monte Cassino and the Gothic Line, followed later by Operation Grapeshot, as part of this highly regarded division until the end of Second World War. During May 1945, however, it was detached to both 46th Infantry Division and 6th Armoured Division. The brigade then was allotted occupation duties in Carinthia in southern Austria, and was eventually formally disbanded in April 1947.〔(The Irish Brigade )〕〔Joslen, p. 373.〕
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